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Several years after the signing of the Paris Agreement, oil and gas production continues at a fast pace despite a near global recognition of the ongoing energy transition away from fossil fuels (IEA, 2021a, 2021b). The increasing demand for oil and gas caused by the post-pandemic lockdown economic recovery threatens the momentum gained by the energy transition.

Throughout the centuries, people have been keen to find and discover new areas and exploit the natural resources associated with them. According to Margaret Kohn and Kavita Reddy (2017), the term colonialism describes the process of European settlement and political control over the rest of the world, including the Americas, Australia and parts of Africa and Asia.

Arctic communities must negotiate locally, regionally and with external actors on how to make the best use of the human and natural resources in the region. This is against the backdrop of increased globalization, climate change, high demand for the region’s mineral resources, and increasing local demand for improved living conditions and sustainable livelihoods.

Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on tarkastella, miten Suomen ilmastopolitiikassa pyritään jakamaan kustannuksia eri ryhmien välillä ja mihin periaatteisiin tämä jako perustuu. Vihreä siirtymä aiheuttaa valtavia yhteiskunnallisia kustannuksia. Näiden kustannusten oikeudenmukainen jako on akateemisesti ja yhteiskunnallisesti yhä merkittävämpi keskustelunaihe.

Access to electric power and land are now key locational issues for the datacentre sector and most Nordic countries are pitching for their business. We use a comparative case analysis to illustrate several interrelated themes in Norway and Iceland, as both develop their datacentre sectors, but to date in differing ways.

A fair and equitable low carbon future depends on a just transition which, in turn, requires leadership. Where the Arctic is concerned, this leadership is currently lacking. To gauge which states are most likely to provide leadership in the global energy transition, a quantitative rank-percentile assessment of 21 Arctic Council members and Observer states was conducted, using measures relevant to the just transition.